Background and aims: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare condition predominantly affecting young adults and children, comprising less than 1% of all stroke cases. This study aims to comprehensively explore the demographics, characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, management approaches, and outcomes of a cohort of Filipino adult patients diagnosed with CVT.
Methods: A retrospective, single-center study in Filipino adult patients diagnosed with CVT from January 2021 to December 2023.
Results: The study included 12 patients with a median age of 46.5 years, with a notable 75% female predominance. Diagnostic workup revealed elevated D-dimer in 91.6% of patients, 50% with hemoconcentration, and all tested negative for COVID-19. Non-contrast enhanced cranial CT scans exhibited 75% hemorrhagic infarction, 16% intracranial hemorrhage, and 8% infarction. Venogram studies identified thrombosed transverse sinus (41%), superior sagittal sinus (41%), and thrombosed vein of Labbe (17%). Clinical presentations varied, with 91% experiencing headaches, 67% seizures, 50% a decrease in sensorium, and 16.7% showing cortical deficits. Risk factors included hypertension (32%), combined alcohol and smoking use (16.7%), drug use (16.7%), and oral contraceptive pill usage (58%). In-hospital mortality stood at 8.3%, with 75% showing favorable outcomes (mRS 0-1) on a 3-month follow-up.
Conclusions: This study emphasizes the significance of understanding the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostics, and management of CVT in the local population. The findings provide valuable insights into the prevalence and characteristics of CVT cases within a tertiary hospital in the country, contributing to the broader knowledge of this uncommon yet impactful condition.